“History will absolve me”: he made Cuba the only
92 years ago born Fidel Castro.
Monday, August 13, the leader of the Cuban revolution, Fidel Castro would have turned 92 years old. It was the man with an amazing destiny. The son of a planter, he first became a lawyer, and then a fiery revolutionary and head of state. One of the brightest and most charismatic politicians of the XX century — in the material of the portal iz.ru.
“I will finish my speech in my defense. But I don’t do as do all lawyers, who are asking for freedom for the defendant. I can’t ask her when my comrades are already suffering in the island of pines in the infamous prison. Send me to him to share their fate. It is clear that honest either have to die or sit in prison in a Republic where the President is a criminal and a thief… I know prison for me is an ordeal, which was never for anyone else. It is full of threats for me, low and cowardly cruelty. But I’m not afraid of prison, as well as not afraid of the fury of the despicable tyrant that took the lives of seventy of my brothers!”.
Condemn me! It doesn’t matter! History will absolve me!Fidel Castro
These words October 16, 1953, Fidel Alejandro Castro RUz, a lawyer by profession and a revolutionary by vocation, finished a speech in his defense before a military Tribunal. Fidel and his comrades were accused of attempting a coup d’etat: they unsuccessfully tried to seize the Moncada barracks, hoping to raise a popular uprising in Cuba against the regime of dictator Fulgencio Batista.
The verdict of the Tribunal was harsh: 15 years in prison. Fidel listened to the verdict calmly. He could not know that in less than two years will be released on a General Amnesty, a year later, led an armed detachment to sail to Cuba on the yacht “Granma”, and after three years will be the Prime Minister of the new Cuba.
The son of a planter
Biography of Fidel something ironically similar to the biography of Lenin both came from not very rich, but quite wealthy families of the middle class, as they say now. Both chose the legal path, both became lawyers, and both eventually appeared at the head of the revolution and became heads of States. But enough differences that if Lenin came to power, as an economist and a world-class leader of his own party, in the life of Castro a lot more adventurous, hurriedly, bold decisions, leading to surprising successes or devastating failures.
In General, the biography of Fidel Castro — a gift to biographers.
What is the story about how he, in 1939, took part in the revolt of the workers on the plantation of his father, and a year later wrote to US President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, congratulating him on his re-election for a third term and asking to send a Bank note of $10, which he never before seen. Must be employees of the presidential administration considered the unknown Cuban boy, a beggar, and soon Fidel received a polite thanks, but bill he never sent.
Whom Fidel in his youth was not, is a Communist. The classics of Marxism, of course, he read, but the Communists once declared ready to enroll only under one condition — if it will make Stalin. In every joke, as you know, there is a joke — Fidel proved this by becoming the 1 October 1965, the first Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist party of Cuba. In the end Cuba went Communist the way it is thanks to Castro and kept him going even when he was gone most of the countries of the former Soviet bloc.
Fidel was no angel: he quickly fell in love with power (even as a partisan in the mountains of the Sierra Maestra, Castro said that after winning going to return to the village and working as a lawyer, but when the rebels take Havana, these intentions have not disappeared), did not hesitate to deal with political opponents — as functionaries of the Batista regime, and by former companions; he ruled the country with a firm hand, sending the disaffected to labor camps. However, he loved his people and did everything to improve his fate, to the best of their understanding and their capabilities. And he was completely loyal to his allies — that is us.
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By the time of the Cuban revolution since the Russian revolution has been more than 40 years. From the revolutionary romanticism of the 1920s and enthusiasm of the great buildings of the 1930s and left no trace. World revolution, which dreamed of the first Soviet leaders, did not happen. Behind was the hardest war in the history of the country, in which victory was given unprecedented effort and a lot of blood, and several waves of hunger — before-and postwar. A recently suffered a profound moral breakdown, when at the XX Congress was condemned Stalin’s personality cult and read the truth about the extent of repression, and eventually the world Communist camp was split in Beijing, the new Soviet leadership declared the revisionists. In countries caught in the Soviet zone of influence after world war II, began fermenting in 1953 were suppressed unrest in the GDR, in 1956 rebellion in Hungary. The light path on which the country has embarked decades ago, through the blood and suffering has led nowhere.
And in this moment flashed Cuba. At the other end of the globe without any help of the Soviet Union, emerged and won a revolution, and its leaders came to Moscow and asked for support. Revolutionary romanticism, the guerrillas-barbudos in the unfamiliar green uniform and beret, sonorous Spanish slogans — all this gave a tremendous impetus has been confirmed that in fact the USSR is the correct way and all the sacrifices were not in vain — the wave of liberation of socialist revolutions around the world finally began.
“Cuba — my love, my heart we are all with you!” — sang in those years Magomayev, Kobzon. Liberty island became instantly popular from the USSR to Cuba a wide stream flowed through the.
Cuba paid off handsomely — and not only the notorious sugar but also the blood of their soldiers, which in the name of solidarity shed for the interests of Moscow and international communism. Cubans fought in the Congo, Angola and Ethiopia, Havana gratuitously sent out its specialists, counselors, and doctors around the world to help former colonies that chose the socialist path of development. Cuba did everything she asked and more.
The man who waited
When the Soviet Union first staggered, and then collapsed and the former countries of people’s democracy suddenly found that all those years they really were forged under the fifth Russian invaders, Cuba was one of the few countries which fell under the wind of time. Some countries remain Communist and socialist by name, but completely changed its economic policy (at least temporarily) to put up such a vigorous capitalism, which never dreamed of the developed capitalist countries — like China; someone who kept to himself, turning communism to autocratic cult — like North Korea. But not Cuba.
No longer a young Fidel in Havana was bitterly watched as one by one his former allies, side with the enemy.
Crumbled ATS, the Soviet Union collapsed. In Nicaragua — one of the few socialist countries in America — the Sandinistas lost the election, began the restoration of capitalism. Latin America has swept the neo-liberal wave, against which Cuba looked an anachronism whose days are numbered.
The situation in the economy, and without deteriorating in recent years due to unprecedented drought, has become critical. If before that Cuba has survived the American embargo through trade with the CMEA countries and several States of Latin America, now she had to rely on their own strength. GDP fell by a third, there was not enough food and fuel. Cuba responded to the growth of tourism, trade liberalization and creation of free economic zones — and each time the Havana reminded: this is not a step to the rejection of socialism, it is necessary for survival.
Fidel lasted enough to see a new Russia, and the new Latin America. In the late 1990s in the countries of the region began a left turn — increasing number of States chose socialists and social Democrats. Cuba, which has recently been brought in and, again, became for many an example of how a small country with limited resources can preserve independence under conditions of economic and political pressure from the superpower. In 2014, Cuba has arrived the Russian delegation led by Vladimir Putin. Following the talks, already seriously ill Fidel Moscow promised to write off liberty Island all Soviet debts ($35 billion) to build four new power unit for the CHP in Cuba, living in conditions of chronic energy shortage, it is of special value.